[Windows] Refactor PATH helpers (#8885)

images/windows/scripts/build/Configure-System.ps1

@@ -6,11 +6,30 @@
 Write-Host "Cleanup WinSxS"
 Dism.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
 
-# Sets the default install version to v1 for new distributions
+# Set default version to 1 for WSL (aka LXSS - Linux Subsystem)
+# The value should be set in the default user registry hive
 # https://github.com/actions/runner-images/issues/5760
 if (Test-IsWin22) {
-    Write-Host "Sets the default install version to v1 for new distributions"
-    Add-DefaultItem -DefaultVariable "DefaultVersion" -Value 1 -Name "DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss" -Kind "DWord"
+    Write-Host "Setting WSL default version to 1"
+
+    Mount-RegistryHive `
+        -FileName "C:\Users\Default\NTUSER.DAT" `
+        -SubKey "HKLM\DEFAULT"
+
+    # Create the key if it doesn't exist
+    $keyPath = "DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Lxss"
+    if (-not (Test-Path $keyPath)) {
+        Write-Host "Creating $keyPath key"
+        New-Item -Path (Join-Path "HKLM:\" $keyPath) -Force | Out-Null
+    }
+
+    # Set the DefaultVersion value to 1
+    $key = [Microsoft.Win32.Registry]::LocalMachine.OpenSubKey($keyPath, $true)
+    $key.SetValue("DefaultVersion", "1", "DWord")
+    $key.Handle.Close()
+    [System.GC]::Collect()
+    
+    Dismount-RegistryHive "HKLM\DEFAULT"
 }
 
 Write-Host "Clean up various directories"
@@ -70,9 +89,11 @@ $registrySettings = @(
 )
 
 $registrySettings | ForEach-Object {
-    $regPath = $PSItem.Path
-    New-ItemPath -Path $regPath
-    New-ItemProperty @PSItem -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
+    $regPath = $_.Path
+    if (-not (Test-Path $regPath)) {
+        New-Item -Path $regPath -Force -ErrorAction Ignore | Out-Null
+    }
+    New-ItemProperty @_ -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
 } | Out-Null
 
 # Disable Template Services / User Services added by Desktop Experience
@@ -86,7 +107,9 @@ $regUserServicesToDisables = @(
 
 $regUserServicesToDisables | ForEach-Object {
     $regPath = $_
-    New-ItemPath -Path $regPath
+    if (-not (Test-Path $regPath)) {
+        New-Item -Path $regPath -Force -ErrorAction Ignore | Out-Null
+    }
     New-ItemProperty -Path $regPath -Name "Start" -Value 4 -PropertyType DWORD -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
     New-ItemProperty -Path $regPath -Name "UserServiceFlags" -Value 0 -PropertyType DWORD -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
 } | Out-Null

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-Git.ps1

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 ##  Desc:  Install Git for Windows
 ##  Supply chain security: Git - checksum validation, Hub CLI - managed by package manager
 ################################################################################
-Import-Module "$env:ChocolateyInstall\helpers\chocolateyProfile.psm1"
 
 # Install the latest version of Git for Windows
 $repoURL = "https://api.github.com/repos/git-for-windows/git/releases/latest"
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ Install-Binary `
         "/COMPONENTS=gitlfs") `
     -ExpectedSHA256Sum $externalHash
 
-Update-SessionEnvironment
+Update-Environment
 
 git config --system --add safe.directory "*"
 

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-Haskell.ps1

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 ##  File:  Install-Haskell.ps1
 ##  Desc:  Install Haskell for Windows
 ################################################################################
-Import-Module "$env:ChocolateyInstall\helpers\chocolateyProfile.psm1"
 
 # install minimal ghcup, utilizing pre-installed msys2 at C:\msys64
 Write-Host 'Installing ghcup...'
@@ -28,8 +27,7 @@ Start-DownloadWithRetry -Url $ghcupDownloadURL -Name "ghcup.exe" -DownloadPath "
 [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("CABAL_DIR", $cabalDir, "Machine")
 Add-MachinePathItem "$ghcupPrefix\ghcup\bin"
 Add-MachinePathItem "$cabalDir\bin"
-
-Update-SessionEnvironment
+Update-Environment
 
 # Get 3 latest versions of GHC
 $Versions = ghcup list -t ghc -r | Where-Object {$_ -notlike "prerelease"}

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-JavaTools.ps1

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function Set-JavaPath {
 
     if ($Default) {
         # Clean up any other Java folders from PATH to make sure that they won't conflict with each other
-        $currentPath = Get-MachinePath
+        $currentPath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "Machine")
 
         $pathSegments = $currentPath.Split(';')
         $newPathSegments = @()
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ function Set-JavaPath {
         $newPath = $javaPath + '\bin;' + $newPath
 
         Write-Host "Add $javaPath\bin to PATH"
-        Set-MachinePath -NewPath $newPath
+        [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", $newPath, "Machine")
 
         Write-Host "Set JAVA_HOME environmental variable as $javaPath"
         [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("JAVA_HOME", $javaPath, "Machine")
@@ -123,15 +123,14 @@ Install-ChocoPackage maven -ArgumentList "--version=$versionToInstall"
 Install-ChocoPackage gradle
 
 # Add maven env variables to Machine
-[string]$m2 = (Get-MachinePath).Split(";") -match "maven"
-$maven_opts = '-Xms256m'
+[string]$m2 = ([Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "Machine")).Split(";") -match "maven"
 
 $m2_repo = 'C:\ProgramData\m2'
 New-Item -Path $m2_repo -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null
 
 [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("M2", $m2, "Machine")
 [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("M2_REPO", $m2_repo, "Machine")
-[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("MAVEN_OPTS", $maven_opts, "Machine")
+[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("MAVEN_OPTS", "-Xms256m", "Machine")
 
 # Download cobertura jars
 $uri = 'https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/net/sourceforge/cobertura/cobertura/2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-bin.zip'

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-Mercurial.ps1

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
 
 Install-ChocoPackage hg -ArgumentList "--version", "5.0.0"
 
-$hgPath = "${env:ProgramFiles}\Mercurial\"
-Add-MachinePathItem $hgPath
-$env:Path = Get-MachinePath
+Add-MachinePathItem "${env:ProgramFiles}\Mercurial\"
+Update-Environment
 
 Invoke-PesterTests -TestFile "Tools" -TestName "Mercurial"

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-NSIS.ps1

@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ $NsisVersion = (Get-ToolsetContent).nsis.version
 
 Install-ChocoPackage nsis -ArgumentList "--version", "$NsisVersion"
 
-$NsisPath = "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\NSIS\"
-Add-MachinePathItem $NsisPath
-$env:Path = Get-MachinePath
+Add-MachinePathItem "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\NSIS\"
+Update-Environment
 
 Invoke-PesterTests -TestFile "Tools" -TestName "NSIS"

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-NodeJS.ps1

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ $versionToInstall = Resolve-ChocoPackageVersion -PackageName "nodejs" -TargetVer
 Install-ChocoPackage nodejs -ArgumentList "--version=$versionToInstall"
 
 Add-MachinePathItem $PrefixPath
-$env:Path = Get-MachinePath
+Update-Environment
 
 [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("npm_config_prefix", $PrefixPath, "Machine")
 $env:npm_config_prefix = $PrefixPath

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-OpenSSL.ps1

@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ Install-Binary `
 
 # Update PATH
 Add-MachinePathItem "$installDir\bin"
-$env:Path = Get-MachinePath
+Update-Environment
 
 Invoke-PesterTests -TestFile "Tools" -TestName "OpenSSL"

images/windows/scripts/build/Install-Vcpkg.ps1

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Invoke-Expression "$InstallDir\$VcpkgExecPath integrate install"
 
 # Add vcpkg to system environment
 Add-MachinePathItem $InstallDir
-$env:Path = Get-MachinePath
 [Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("VCPKG_INSTALLATION_ROOT", $InstallDir, "Machine")
+Update-Environment
 
 Invoke-PesterTests -TestFile "Tools" -TestName "Vcpkg"

images/windows/scripts/helpers/ImageHelpers.psm1

@@ -7,19 +7,10 @@ param()
 . $PSScriptRoot\VisualStudioHelpers.ps1
 
 Export-ModuleMember -Function @(
-    'Connect-Hive'
-    'Disconnect-Hive'
-    'Test-MachinePath'
-    'Get-MachinePath'
-    'Get-DefaultPath'
-    'Set-MachinePath'
-    'Set-DefaultPath'
+    'Mount-RegistryHive'
+    'Dismount-RegistryHive'
     'Add-MachinePathItem'
     'Add-DefaultPathItem'
-    'Add-DefaultItem'
-    'Get-SystemVariable'
-    'Get-DefaultVariable'
-    'Set-DefaultVariable'
     'Install-Binary'
     'Install-VisualStudio'
     'Get-ToolsetContent'
@@ -47,8 +38,8 @@ Export-ModuleMember -Function @(
     'Get-VisualStudioInstance'
     'Get-VisualStudioComponents'
     'Get-WindowsUpdateStates'
-    'New-ItemPath'
     'Use-ChecksumComparison'
     'Get-HashFromGitHubReleaseBody'
     'Test-FileSignature'
+    'Update-Environment'
 )

images/windows/scripts/helpers/InstallHelpers.ps1

@@ -869,3 +869,39 @@ function Test-FileSignature {
         throw "Signature thumbprint do not match expected."
     }
 }
+
+function Update-Environment {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Updates the environment variables by reading values from the registry.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        This function updates current environment by reading values from the registry.
+        It is useful when you need to update the environment variables without restarting the current session.
+
+    .NOTES
+        The function requires administrative privileges to modify the system registry.
+    #>
+
+    $locations = @(
+        'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment',
+        'HKCU:\Environment'
+    )
+
+    # Update PATH variable
+    $pathItems = $locations | ForEach-Object { 
+        (Get-Item $_).GetValue('PATH').Split(';') 
+    } | Select-Object -Unique
+    $Env:PATH = $pathItems -join ';'
+
+    # Update other variables
+    $locations | ForEach-Object {
+        $key = Get-Item $_
+        foreach ($name in $key.GetValueNames()) {
+            $value = $key.GetValue($name)
+            if (-not ($name -ieq 'PATH')) {
+                Set-Item -Path Env:$name -Value $value
+            } 
+        }
+    }
+}

images/windows/scripts/helpers/PathHelpers.ps1

@@ -1,28 +1,62 @@
-function Connect-Hive {
+
+function Mount-RegistryHive {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Mounts a registry hive from a file.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        The Mount-RegistryHive function loads a registry hive from a specified file into a specified subkey.
+
+    .PARAMETER FileName
+        The path to the file from which to load the registry hive.
+
+    .PARAMETER SubKey
+        The registry subkey into which to load the hive.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Mount-RegistryHive -FileName "C:\Path\To\HiveFile.hiv" -SubKey "HKLM\SubKey"
+    #>
     param(
-        [string]$FileName = "C:\Users\Default\NTUSER.DAT",
-        [string]$SubKey = "HKLM\DEFAULT"
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+        [string]$FileName,
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+        [string]$SubKey
     )
 
     Write-Host "Loading the file $FileName to the Key $SubKey"
-    if (Test-Path $SubKey.Replace("\",":")) {
+    if (Test-Path $SubKey.Replace("\", ":")) {
+        Write-Warning "The key $SubKey is already loaded"
         return
     }
 
     $result = reg load $SubKey $FileName *>&1
     if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
-        Write-Host "Failed to load hive: $result"
+        Write-Error "Failed to load file $FileName to the key ${SubKey}: $result"
         exit 1
     }
 }
 
-function Disconnect-Hive {
+function Dismount-RegistryHive {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Dismounts a registry hive.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        The Dismount-RegistryHive function unloads a registry hive from a specified subkey.
+
+    .PARAMETER SubKey
+        The registry subkey from which to unload the hive.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Dismount-RegistryHive -SubKey "HKLM\SubKey"
+    #>
     param(
-        [string]$SubKey = "HKLM\DEFAULT"
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+        [string]$SubKey
     )
 
     Write-Host "Unloading the hive $SubKey"
-    if (-not (Test-Path $SubKey.Replace("\",":"))) {
+    if (-not (Test-Path $SubKey.Replace("\", ":"))) {
         return
     }
 
@@ -33,123 +67,72 @@ function Disconnect-Hive {
     }
 }
 
-function Get-SystemVariable {
-    param(
-        [string]$SystemVariable
-    )
-    
-    [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($SystemVariable, "Machine")
-}
-
-function Get-DefaultVariable {
-    param(
-        [string]$DefaultVariable,
-        [string]$Name = "DEFAULT\Environment",
-        [bool]$Writable = $false
-    )
-
-    $key = [Microsoft.Win32.Registry]::LocalMachine.OpenSubKey($Name, $Writable)
-    $key.GetValue($DefaultVariable, "", "DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames")
-    $key.Handle.Close()
-    [System.GC]::Collect()
-}
-
-function Set-DefaultVariable {
-    param(
-        [string]$DefaultVariable,
-        [string]$Value,
-        [string]$Name = "DEFAULT\Environment",
-        [string]$Kind = "ExpandString",
-        [bool]$Writable = $true
-    )
-
-    $key = [Microsoft.Win32.Registry]::LocalMachine.OpenSubKey($Name, $Writable)
-    $key.SetValue($DefaultVariable, $Value, $Kind)
-    Get-DefaultVariable -DefaultVariable $DefaultVariable -Name $Name
-    $key.Handle.Close()
-    [System.GC]::Collect()
-}
-
-function Get-MachinePath {
-    Get-SystemVariable PATH
-}
-
-function Get-DefaultPath {
-    Get-DefaultVariable Path
-}
-
-function Set-MachinePath {
-    param(
-        [string]$NewPath
-    )
-    
-    [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", $NewPath, "Machine")
-}
-
-function Set-DefaultPath {
-    param(
-        [string]$NewPath
-    )
-
-    Set-DefaultVariable PATH $NewPath
-}
-
-function Test-MachinePath {
-    param(
-        [string]$PathItem
-    )
-
-    $pathItems = (Get-MachinePath).Split(';')
-    $pathItems.Contains($PathItem)
-}
-
 function Add-MachinePathItem {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Adds a new item to the machine-level PATH environment variable.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        The Add-MachinePathItem function adds a new item to the machine-level PATH environment variable.
+        It takes a string parameter, $PathItem, which represents the new item to be added to the PATH.
+
+    .PARAMETER PathItem
+        Specifies the new item to be added to the machine-level PATH environment variable.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Add-MachinePathItem -PathItem "C:\Program Files\MyApp"
+
+        This example adds "C:\Program Files\MyApp" to the machine-level PATH environment variable.
+    #>
+
     param(
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
         [string]$PathItem
     )
 
-    $currentPath = Get-MachinePath
+    $currentPath = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "Machine")
     $newPath = $PathItem + ';' + $currentPath
-    Set-MachinePath -NewPath $newPath
+    [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", $newPath, "Machine")
 }
 
 function Add-DefaultPathItem {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Adds a path item to the default user profile path.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        This function adds a specified path item to the default user profile path.
+        It mounts the NTUSER.DAT file of the default user to the registry,
+        retrieves the current value of the "Path" environment variable,
+        appends the new path item to it, and updates the registry with the modified value.
+
+    .PARAMETER PathItem
+        The path item to be added to the default user profile path.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Add-DefaultPathItem -PathItem "C:\Program Files\MyApp"
+
+        This example adds "C:\Program Files\MyApp" to the default user profile path.
+
+    .NOTES
+        This function requires administrative privileges to modify the Windows registry.
+    #>
+
     param(
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
         [string]$PathItem
     )
 
-    Connect-Hive
-    $currentPath = Get-DefaultPath
-    $newPath = $PathItem + ';' + $currentPath
-    Set-DefaultPath -NewPath $newPath
-    Disconnect-Hive
-}
-
-function Add-DefaultItem {
-    param(
-        [string]$DefaultVariable,
-        [string]$Value,
-        [string]$Name = "DEFAULT\Environment",
-        [string]$Kind = "ExpandString",
-        [bool]$Writable = $true
-    )
-
-    Connect-Hive
-    $regPath = Join-Path "HKLM:\" $Name
-    if (-not (Test-Path $Name)) {
-        Write-Host "Creating $regPath key"
-        New-Item -Path $regPath -Force | Out-Null
-    }
-    Set-DefaultVariable -DefaultVariable $DefaultVariable -Value $Value -Name $Name -Kind $Kind -Writable $Writable
-    Disconnect-Hive
-}
-
-function New-ItemPath {
-    param (
-        [string]$Path
-    )
-
-    if (-not (Test-Path $Path)) {
-        New-Item -Path $Path -Force -ErrorAction Ignore | Out-Null
-    }
+    Mount-RegistryHive `
+        -FileName "C:\Users\Default\NTUSER.DAT" `
+        -SubKey "HKLM\DEFAULT"
+
+    $key = [Microsoft.Win32.Registry]::LocalMachine.OpenSubKey("DEFAULT\Environment", $true)
+    $currentValue = $key.GetValue("Path", "", "DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames")
+    $updatedValue = $PathItem + ';' + $currentValue
+    $key.SetValue("Path", $updatedValue, "ExpandString")
+    $key.Handle.Close()
+    [System.GC]::Collect()
+
+    Dismount-RegistryHive "HKLM\DEFAULT"
 }

images/windows/scripts/helpers/test/PathHelpers.Tests.ps1

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-. $PSScriptRoot\..\PathHelpers.ps1
-
-Describe 'Test-MachinePath Tests' {
-    Mock Get-MachinePath {return "C:\foo;C:\bar"}
-    It 'Path contains item' {
-        Test-MachinePath -PathItem "C:\foo" | Should Be $true
-    }
-    It 'Path does not containe item' {
-        Test-MachinePath -PathItem "C:\baz" | Should Be $false
-    }
-}
-
-Describe 'Set-MachinePath Tests' {
-    Mock Get-MachinePath {return "C:\foo;C:\bar"}
-    Mock Set-ItemProperty {return}
-    It 'Set-MachinePath should return new path' {
-        Set-MachinePath -NewPath "C:\baz" | Should Be "C:\baz"
-    }
-}
-
-Describe "Add-MachinePathItem Tests"{
-    Mock Get-MachinePath {return "C:\foo;C:\bar"}
-    Mock Set-ItemProperty {return}
-    It 'Add-MachinePathItem should return complete path' {
-        Add-MachinePathItem -PathItem 'C:\baz' | Should Be 'C:\baz;C:\foo;C:\bar'
-    }
-}

images/windows/scripts/tests/Helpers.psm1

@@ -6,18 +6,6 @@ function Get-EnvironmentVariable($variable) {
     return [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($variable, "Machine")
 }
 
-# Update environment variables without reboot
-function Update-Environment {
-    $variables = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariables("Machine")
-    $variables.Keys | ForEach-Object {
-        $key = $_
-        $value = $variables[$key]
-        Set-Item -Path "env:$key" -Value $value
-    }
-    # We need to refresh PATH the latest one because it could include other variables "%M2_HOME%/bin"
-    $env:PATH = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("PATH", "Machine")
-}
-
 function Invoke-PesterTests {
     <#
     .SYNOPSIS