[Windows] Cleanup various scripts (#8942)

* Use Resolve-GithubReleaseAssetUrl more widely

* Add the Get-ChecksumFromUrl function

* Sort exported functions and add docs

* Remove alias and fix typo

* Fix kind checksum url and syntax

* Fix checksums url for gh cli and msys2

* [Windows] Cleanup various scripts

* Add spaces after type specifications

* Rename the Take-Part function

images/windows/scripts/helpers/ChocoHelpers.ps1

@@ -1,4 +1,25 @@
 function Install-ChocoPackage {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        A function to install a Chocolatey package with retries.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        This function attempts to install a specified Chocolatey package. If the 
+        installation fails, it retries a specified number of times.
+
+    .PARAMETER PackageName
+        The name of the Chocolatey package to install.
+
+    .PARAMETER ArgumentList
+        An array of arguments to pass to the choco install command.
+
+    .PARAMETER RetryCount
+        The number of times to retry the installation if it fails. Default is 5.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Install-ChocoPackage -PackageName "git" -RetryCount 3
+    #>
+
     [CmdletBinding()]
     param(
         [Parameter(Mandatory)]
@@ -30,6 +51,25 @@ function Install-ChocoPackage {
 }
 
 function Resolve-ChocoPackageVersion {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        Resolves the latest version of a Chocolatey package.
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        This function takes a package name and a target version as input and returns the latest
+        version of the package that is greater than or equal to the target version.
+
+    .PARAMETER PackageName
+        The name of the Chocolatey package.
+
+    .PARAMETER TargetVersion
+        The target version of the package.
+
+    .EXAMPLE
+        Resolve-ChocoPackageVersion -PackageName "example-package" -TargetVersion "1.0.0"
+        Returns the latest version of the "example-package" that is greater than or equal to "1.0.0".
+    #>
+
     param(
         [Parameter(Mandatory)]
         [string] $PackageName,
@@ -38,12 +78,12 @@ function Resolve-ChocoPackageVersion {
     )
 
     $versionNumbers = $TargetVersion.Split(".")
-    [int]$versionNumbers[-1] += 1
+    [int] $versionNumbers[-1] += 1
     $incrementedVersion = $versionNumbers -join "."
     $filterQuery = "`$filter=(Id eq '$PackageName') and (IsPrerelease eq false) and (Version ge '$TargetVersion') and (Version lt '$incrementedVersion')"
     $latestVersion = (Invoke-RestMethod "https://community.chocolatey.org/api/v2/Packages()?$filterQuery").properties.Version |
         Where-Object { $_ -Like "$TargetVersion.*" -or $_ -eq $TargetVersion } |
-        Sort-Object { [version]$_ } |
+        Sort-Object { [version] $_ } |
         Select-Object -Last 1
 
     return $latestVersion